鲜切花玫瑰花怎么保鲜 切花保鲜技术

如何保存鲜切花和鲜花切花和保鲜技术一方面，鲜切花被用作礼品，另一方面，它也被用作家庭和办公室的装饰，从而为美化环境增添光彩。然而，切花离开母亲后不久，它们便逐渐枯萎。人们希望延长切花的寿命，以延长观赏时间。为了满足读者的需求，切花的知识和方法如下。

鲜切花损失的主要原因通常有以下三个方面：

首先，收获后将花枝与植物分开，并且最初被根部吸收的水被切断。然而，花和叶的水分蒸腾仍在继续，因此供水短缺，其生命活动只能靠自身储存的水来维持。 （一般花是3至5天）。由于缺水，人体的水分平衡被破坏，导致生理代谢异常，花朵将迅速凋谢和褪色。这是切花损失的重要原因。

同时，由于切下植物后花枝失去了有机养分的供应，因此它们仅依靠其中所含的有限养分来维持其生命活动。这时，由于营养不足，它们破坏了人体的水分和营养物质的新陈代谢平衡，如果不及时补充水分和营养物质，花朵将很快枯萎。

第二，随着鲜切花的开放过程，人体逐渐产生一种叫做乙烯的物质，该物质是一种成熟剂，可以加速花朵的衰老并缩短花朵的寿命。 A large number of experiments at home and abroad have proved that the ethylene species produced in cut flowers is the internal cause of premature aging of cut flowers.

Third, after the flowering branch is cut, it is easy to breed a large number of microorganisms due to its base incision. The propagules and metabolites of these microorganisms invade the catheter, which will directly block the catheter and affect the absorption of water and nutrients. This is also a cause of the decline in cut flowers.

The cut flowers are fresh and tender, people always hope that "good flowers are always open" and extend its viewing time. The following fresh-keeping measures can be taken to extend their life.

(1) Appropriate treatment of flowering branches: For branches with softer branches, such as gladiolus, dahlia, chrysanthemum, etc. wrap the base with paper for the incision and soak the hot water at 80 degrees Celsius In the middle, it takes 2~3 minutes to remove and insert into the bottle, which can play the role of infarct incision, prevent the juice from overflowing in the flowering tissue, thus prolonging the flowering period; for plum, plum, rose, rose, peony, rhododendron and other woody Flowering branch, put the end on the candle flame and burn it, then cut off the burnt part, then put it in the alcohol solution for about 1 minute, take it out, put it into clean water, rinse it, and finally insert it into the bottle. It can prevent the transporting tissue of the flowering branches from being blocked and hinder the water absorption, and prevent the branch cuttings immersed in the water from being infected by the bacteria, so that the flowers are continuously supplied with water, thereby maintaining the fresh-keeping effect. In addition, some woody branches with a lot of juice, such as poinsettia, can also be treated by the above method.

（2）维护方法：插花在维护过程中应注意以下问题，以延长鲜切花的寿命。

1使用干净的容器：切勿使用油腻的设备。

2合理用水：插花时应使用干净且接近室温的软水（河水，池塘水等）。如果使用自来水，应在使用前将其在水箱（桶）中存放1天。同时，要注意频繁换水。通常，夏季每天换水一次，春季和秋季每2〜3天换一次水，冬季每4〜5天换一次水。为了防止水变质，夏季可以在瓶中放入少量木炭或少量盐以防止腐蚀。每次换水时，应注意切开约2厘米长的花枝根部，并更换切口以利于花枝的吸水和伸展。减少花的寿命。

3保持空气湿润：室内空气湿润，有利于保持花朵新鲜。在没有加湿器的情况下，夏季每隔1天，春季和秋季每隔2天，冬季每隔2至3天，应向花枝喷水一次。同时，保持室内空气新鲜流通。

4应该正确放置花艺：在花艺维护过程中，请勿将花艺放置在直射的阳光下，也不要将其放置在窗户和暖气，火炉和电炉子附近，以免刮风，晒太阳或受热。它将加速花材的呼吸作用和水的蒸腾作用，使花朵凋谢。最好将其放置在光线较低且空气流通较低的地方。 同时也不能将插花摆放在成熟水果附近，因为水果在后熟作用中会释放出乙燦气体，而切花只要遇到少量乙烯，就会过早凋谢，缩短寿命,故一定要远离水果。

⑤ 使用具有保鲜效果的物质：如在500克水中放入碾成粉末状的阿司匹林半片，或用4000倍的高锰酸钾溶液，对多种花卉来说，均可延长观花期3~5天。又如取洗洁精少许，配成2% 浓度的溶

液，将花枝基部迅速插人该溶液中，一般可延长鲜花寿命1〜2倍时间，这种溶液对一二年生草花的效果尤为明显。此外，有资料介绍,在瓶中加入0.05%的砸酸或硫磺、水杨酸、维生素等，都能延长花枝的保鲜时间。还有资料介绍，在花瓶中滴人几滴用过的胶片定影液，也能起到延长花期的作用。